Estudio de simuladores aplicados para protocolos de comunicación en subestaciones eléctricas

Abstract

In the context of power grid modernization, the implementation of communication protocols, such as TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and serial connections, has become essential to ensure interoperability and efficient data transmission in electrical substations (Combariza, 2022). This project focuses on the comparative analysis of protocol simulators, prioritizing academic aspects such as learning resources, available tools, licenses and supported languages. Communication protocol simulators are fundamental tools for the diagnosis and validation of communication systems, allowing to emulate different types of links, validate the frame format and send predefined or customized commands (Rojas & Riaño, 2023). In addition, they offer the possibility of simulating the behavior of real systems under various scenarios, which facilitates the modification of parameters and the evaluation of effects in real time, making them valuable resources for learning and research (Medero, 2018). A key aspect of the analysis is the availability of licenses, as some tools are open source, while others require commercial licenses, which influences their accessibility for educational institutions and students. Language support was also evaluated, determining the ease of use in different cultural and academic contexts. The analysis was based on an exhaustive review of existing literature and technical information on simulators, selecting simulators that meet evaluative criteria such as training resources, monitoring and analysis tools, technical requirements and advanced functionalities. The results were synthesized in a comparative table highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each tool. In conclusion, the selection of the right simulator depends on a balance between technical capabilities, accessibility and adaptability to the academic environment, providing valuable information for students, researchers and practitioners.