Cultivating speaking and listening skills in EFL classes through colombian legends: a digitala Arts-based Rresource for rural multigrade classrooms

Abstract

English language learning in rural multigrade classrooms presents significant challenges, particularly in the development of listening and speaking skills due to limited resources, low exposure to English, and the lack of culturally relevant materials. This study aimed to analyze how the implementation of a cultural digital resource based on Colombian legends supported the development of listening and speaking skills in a rural multigrade classroom at Escuela El Obrero in Villeta, Cundinamarca. The study followed a qualitative research paradigm with an interpretive approach and an action research design. Data were collected through reflective journals, observational rubrics, and audio recordings, allowing for the triangulation of classroom experiences and students’ oral performance. The digital resource was designed using Arts-Based Learning principles and integrated storytelling, audio narration, music, visual elements, and interactive activities adapted to students’ linguistic level and cultural context. The implementation was conducted through classroom sessions focused on oral interaction and communicative participation. Findings revealed progress in students’ listening comprehension and initial oral production, as well as increased participation, confidence, and engagement. Themes such as the role of music and movement, technology as both support and limitation, and the importance of flexibility emerged throughout the implementation process. The results suggest that culturally grounded and multimodal resources can create meaningful learning experiences and support language development in rural multigrade contexts.