Diseño de un simulador para el ajuste de la función de protección de distancia según la normatividad ANSI e IEC

Abstract

This work presents the development of an educational and interactive simulator in MATLAB App Designer, designed to facilitate the understanding of the operating principle of distance protection in electric power systems. The tool is aimed at supporting the training of students and engineers by enabling the analysis and adjustment of mho and quadrilateral operating zones, in accordance with various international standards and local requirements. A comparative analysis was conducted between ANSI and IEC standards, highlighting differences in terms of nomenclature and symbols. Additionally, a commercial technical manual—specifically, the L90 relay manual from General Electric—was used as a practical reference. The simulator integrates theoretical modules covering fundamentals, criteria, and protection zones, including key concepts such as directionality, K0 factor, fault types, and coordinate axes. It also includes a practical module with adjustable parameters, which was validated through comparison with a case study modeled in ETAP software. The result is a fully functional simulator with seven interactive tabs. The generated operating curves were consistent with those of the L90 relay, and technical manuals and case studies were developed for academic use.