El cambio actitudinal en estudiantes de grado séptimo promoviendo el desarrollo del respeto a la diferencia y al reconocimiento de la diversidad a través de la integración de cuestiones sociocientíficas y de la naturaleza de las ciencias en el estudio de los modelos atómicos

Abstract

The following research project shows how the use of socio-scientific issues articulated to the nature of science promote an attitudinal change in students towards respect and recognition of epistemological difference and diversity, it was carried out in seventh grade students in a school located in the town of Kennedy, 3 case studies were chosen to study in depth their attitudes towards the application of a didactic unit based on atomic models, it should be noted that this was modified due to the contingency caused by COVID-19 where The face-to-face sessions were interrupted and replaced by virtual sessions. This didactic unit was carried out in 6 sessions of which 3 were face-to-face and 3 were virtual. The theoretical foundations that structured this project range from the study in science didactics focused on the nature of science, attitudes, socio-scientific issues, cultural and epistemological diversity, in order to articulate through each of the previous perspectives a innovation proposal towards science teaching for teachers in initial training. This research was developed from a qualitative methodological approach, through an interpretive paradigm based on case studies in front of a focus group of 3 students who developed all the proposed activities, as data collection instruments an initial Likert-type survey was used and final, a field diary and semi-structured interviews, of which a triangulation of instruments and researchers was made for the analysis and discussion of the results. For the validation of the Likert-type survey, the Cronbach's alpha reliability index was found for the two surveys, with a result of 0.6533 for the initial one and 0.6316 for the final one, this was performed using the R Studio software, For the analysis of the semi-structured interviews, the Iramuteq program was used to create word correlation clouds, it should be noted that the natural transcription of the interviews and the virtual sessions that are found as annexes were carried out. Finally, it is obtained that the articulation of these branches of didactics promotes attitudinal changes in a general way and for case studies regarding the respect for the difference in knowledge, epistemological diversity and attitudes towards science.