“Mi huerta balancead” enfocado a la educación nutricional desde la línea de educación no formal del Jardín Botánico José Celestino Mutis

Abstract

Urban agriculture is a food production system that is carried out in urban spaces such as front yards, lots, terraces, gardens, etc. This production links a characteristic of self-sustaining based on ancestral and technical knowledge (Technical Primer on Urban Agriculture, 2007) that is associated with the use of different abiotic and biotic resources. The variety of crops is very wide, the plants suitable for these gardens are mainly categorized into: construction (relevant load of proteins), energetic (relevant load of carbohydrates), complementary (relevant load of vitamins and minerals) and medicinal. This particularity allows us to understand that there is a very important food potential in the concept of urban gardens. Healthy eating is one that provides nutrients such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. A good diet would represent a substantial reduction in mortality and the burden of cardiovascular diseases, in addition to diabetes, several types of cancers and obesity (Vera and Hernández, 2013). The environmental impact generated by agriculture is commonly justified by the need for greater production to achieve food security. However, in the world there are more people with nutritional problems associated with overweight than with malnutrition (Garibaldi, et al. 2018). Another point to take into consideration is the way in which food is produced and the impact that these productions generate on the environment. Meats, for example, from animals that are fattened with grains (e.g. feedlots), generate greenhouse gas emissions, however, there are other protein production systems with less environmental impact. Furthermore, changing the diet in some sectors of the population could prevent many deaths due to less obesity, as well as a lower incidence of diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes (Garibaldi, et al. 2018). The José Celestino Mutis Botanical Garden of Bogotá (JBBJCM) plans to achieve the objective of "disseminating scientific, technical and educational content that promotes committed and informed environmental citizenship", in addition to "strengthening environmental education and participation strategies for the promotion of environmental culture in Bogotá” therefore the application of non-formal courses is presented as a key strategy to advance institutional objectives. Due to this, a workshop was applied in a theoretical-practical way to the students of the Ecochatareros seedbed of the Francisco José de Calda Industrial Technical Institute (ITIFJC) from the training line of the educational and cultural subdirectorate of the JBBJCM, called my "balanced garden", in which it is proposed to promote knowledge of balanced nutrition that allows the promotion of a healthy lifestyle and promote basic tools for the creation of a school garden.