La cobertura del conflicto y el proceso de paz con el ELN: un análisis desde el periodismo de paz a la revista Semana

Abstract

The present monograph analyzes Revista Semana’s coverage of the peace process between the National Liberation Army (ELN) and the Colombian State from the perspective of peace journalism. Through a content analysis of 122 articles published between January 2024 and January 2025, the study evaluates their alignment with the principles proposed by Galtung (1998) and developed by Lynch and McGoldrick (2005). The results show a predominance of war journalism, evidenced by the absence of a solution-oriented focus (59%), the negative representation of the ELN (82.8%), and the limited humanization (70.5%). Although contextualization is present in most articles (98.4%), it appears partially in 67.2% of them. Likewise, only 35.2% incorporate multiple perspectives, reflecting limitations in informational pluralism. The qualitative analysis identifies three dominant narrative frames —“scandal and delegitimization,” “betrayal and inevitable breakdown,” and “governmental incoherence”— which contribute to the political instrumentalization of the peace process and the reproduction of symbolic violence. Finally, the study offers recommendations aimed at strengthening the incorporation of solutions, balanced representation, and media responsibility as facilitators of peace.