Sistema de gestión ambiental con base en la norma iso 14001:2015 en el proyecto bendición de cosecha de mochuelo bajo

Abstract

“Implement research processes for organic waste transformation in the Avianca de Mochuelo Bajo property” project developed under the research agreement No. 565-2017 between Universidad Nacional de Colombia and Unidad Administrativa Especial de Servicios Públicos (UAESP), is a pilot initiative of community nature and social inclusion in Mochuelo Bajo village, locality of Ciudad Bolívar, Bogotá D.C., focused to raw organic waste exploitation through processes like as composting and worm-composting, with de aim of increase of explotation of solid waste in the city (a of the cities most overpopulated of Latin America) and decrease the volume that is disposed in Relleno Sanitario Doña Juana, which amounts to 6.300 Tn/day aproximately, and of which close to 53,22% correspond to organic waste with high potential of explotation through mentioned processes.

It is known to the general public the environmental problematic of the inadecuate solid waste management in Bogotá and its final disposal in Relleno Sanitario Doña Juana, whose anaeorbic conditions of its decomposition, generate among many others impacts, the greenhouse gases emisión and volatile compounds nocive for health, and production of leachate highly polluting for soils and surface water boidies and groundwater (aquifers) of direct área of incluence, of which is part Mochuelo Bajo village.

It is therefore that composting and worm-composting processes stand out like as alternative treatments, replicable to different scales and low cost within integral solid waste management, which is focused to decrease of waste amount generated and manage it sustainably, minimizing the territory environmental burden. These treatments allows closing the transformation matter cycle and forms a primary imput, in this case, organic fertilizer, useful to recovery degraded soils, mainly through the nutrient supply by macro and microorganisms that involved in it.

However, these treatments need monitoring and environmental management strategies that assist to its medium and long-term sustainability. It is therefore that we propose the Environmental Management System based on ISO 14001:2015 standard to the research processes for organic waste transformation in the Avianca de Mochuelo Bajo property for mitigation of posible environmentals impacts generated and get competitive advantages in the organic fertilizer market in Bogotá D.C.