Diseño y construcción de modelos de aviones para la enseñanza de la física de fluidos

Abstract

This work was carried out within the framework of a structured and guided internship by the INVESTUD CN research group, belonging to the Physics Teaching program of the Francisco José de Caldas District University. An alternative proposal for teaching fluid mechanics is presented, which provides teachers with a didactic resource and a model for class planning based on the pedagogical approach of Project-Based Learning and inquiry processes. The proposal includes two didactic modules focused on the construction of airplane models and interaction with the environment, respectively, and offers simple prototype development activities. The development of the modules focused on the exploration and construction of setups that generated specific questions about the physical phenomenon under study, followed by a series of activities designed to answer the questions posed. Based on these questions, a series of activities were created and two research instruments were implemented, a questionnaire and a virtual workshop, applied during the COVID-19 health emergency to high school students and physics education trainee teachers, respectively. Finally, evaluation instruments were applied that allowed for enriching results for both students and physics teachers. These results were organized into various explanatory models, according to the model typology, which allowed for a series of comparisons on how students respond to physical situations and how teaching methodologies applied are effective for science teaching. These explanatory models were then analyzed to obtain an interpretation and formulation of hypotheses about how students approach their ways of thinking about physical phenomena. This demonstrates that the teaching strategy based on the modules gives greater protagonism to the student in the learning process. Overall, the internship was successfully completed thanks to the application of various classroom work modalities and the effective use of questionnaires to evaluate learning.