Revisión conceptual de medios filtrantes para el proceso de filtración del recurso hídrico

Abstract

The planet earth has several natural resources that are of vital importance and dependence for the sustenance and coverage of the basic needs of living beings, among these is the water resource, one of the greatest natural resources and indispensable for the health and welfare of life, also for the physical-chemical balance of the planet (Recursos Hídricos, 2020). However, this resource can be harmful if it is not treated prior to its consumption and/or use; therefore, water must be taken to a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) where, through various processes such as filtration, it is purified to be suitable for consumption and use in daily life. This monograph will address a conceptual review of the filter media used to carry out the water filtration process; in this way, it is intended, through the approach of a description and analysis of different mechanisms (such as nanofiltration, absorption, among others), to answer the research question related to the characteristics of the type of material relevant for water purification, taking into account the different parameters that allow us to identify and recognize the qualities, defects and costs for its implementation. In this sense, based on the consultation made in different bibliographic sources, it allowed us not only to collect, review, describe and analyze the different technologies and materials useful in the filtration process generating a visibility and feasibility of use in new mechanisms that allow the passage of the clean flow of water resources, but also to emphasize the need and responsibility that we have, as Environmental Sanitation, with the sustainability, protection and prevention of environmental issues.