Análisis y parametrización de fallas internas de cortocircuito eléctrico en un motor de inducción, utilizando COMSOL Multiphysics

Abstract

This paper, the modeling procedure, electrical, magnetic and mechanical results, analysis of results and conclusions of a squirrel cage induction motor type NEMA B of 1.1kW, delta connection, 220 V, simulated in the software of COMSOL Multiphysics V5.3 finite element analysis, in three short-circuit failure scenarios. The simulated model is validated by comparing electrical and mechanical parametrics with actual test results of an engine with characteristics similar to those presented in this document, operating under normal conditions (without failure). Meshing for the simulation using the finite element method (MEF) is composed of 9295 domains and 1671 limits, and the Newton method (constant) was used to solve the model. Within the results obtained it can be emphasized that, of the faults analyzed, with the most significant results, the failure between coils of different phases is the one that most affects, since it decreases by 87.18% in the normal speed of the machine, and there is an oscillation of the torque between 18.16 Nm and -56.37 Nm. The results for coil to housing failure show that the most affected parameters are the slippage of the machine and the torque that has an oscillation of 49.68% above and 58.8% below the torque when the machine operates without failure. The least significant fault is the short circuit between coils of the same phase since the parameters analyzed do not undergo major changes.