Análisis de la permanencia en relación con los servicios y estrategias de bienestar institucional a estudiantes de pregrado de la facultad de medio ambiente y recursos naturales de la universidad distrital francisco josé de caldas durante el 2013-2022

Abstract

In Colombia, university dropout remains among the highest levels in the region, motivating the creation of instruments such as SPADIES and the Management Model for Student Retention and Graduation, whose purpose is to comprehensively address the individual, academic, institutional, and socioeconomic factors that affect the continuity of higher education. In this scenario, the Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources of the Francisco José de Caldas District University constitutes a strategic space to explore how the support provided by the Institutional Welfare Office contributes to the retention of its undergraduate students. The study raises the question of how health services, sports, culture, retention programs, food support, and psychosocial accompaniment have influenced the academic trajectory of the Faculty’s youth during a period marked by phenomena such as the COVID-19 pandemic and social movements in Bogotá. The objective consisted of investigating the relationship between student retention and Institutional Welfare strategies, defining key retention variables, evaluating the reach of the services offered, and examining their correlation with sociodemographic characteristics, academic profiles, and patterns of service usage. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was conducted in international databases to support the theoretical framework and delimit the variables of interest; information from the databases of the Academic Vice-Rector’s Office and Institutional Welfare was compiled and quantitatively analyzed to characterize admission profiles, academic status, and service usage; finally, the CHAID and exhaustive CHAID decision tree methods in SPSS were used to identify predictor variables of retention. The findings reveal that the adaptation of welfare services during the health crisis, along with measures such as the temporary exemption of tuition fees, notably strengthened student retention; additionally, sociodemographic factors such as socioeconomic stratum and place of origin modulated the probability of retention, and the use of sports services, food support, and connectivity emerged as a determining component. On this basis, it is recommended to consolidate and expand these initiatives, as well as to implement a continuous monitoring system with student feedback to optimize the impact of welfare policies on academic continuity.