Propuesta para la especificación en cierre vertical de poligonales cerradas.

Abstract

The use of polygonals in topographic surveys constitutes one of the fundamental procedures for transferring coordinates regardless of the nature of the project. Planimetrically, one of the most used methods for carrying out topographic surveys are closed traverses and/or circuit traverses as described by the Colombian Technical Standard 6271 (ICONTEC, 2018), since they allow us to control, know and adjust the errors to those to which the collection of information in the field is subject. For this, the implementation of conventional techniques and instrumentation is necessary since they offer greater precision. In this sense, the use of total stations is part of said methodology, contributing not only to the adequate calculation of coordinates in situ, but also, implicitly, facilitating the obtaining of heights through the application of trigonometric principles. This is why trigonometric leveling becomes a tool or input to carry out vertical control quickly and effectively, considering the limitations that may be found in the different types of terrain in which field activities are carried out. However, this method is less precise than geometric leveling as vertical distances are measured indirectly, as mentioned (Botía et. al, 2014). Therefore, and considering not only the instrumental errors, but also those related to the discrimination of atmospheric refraction and terrestrial curvature, it is not possible to frequently contemplate the implications of vertical closure within closed polygonals. In the present investigation, trigonometric leveling is addressed as an alternative to condition the precision in a closed polygon through a maximum allowed vertical closure error, analyzing different criteria in which characteristics of the polygons are taken into account such as: perimeter, number of vertices and distance and angle of elevation per side. The above allows the construction of a specification in trigonometric vertical closure for closed polygonals as a proposal.