Caracterización de la interacción de radiación ionizante neutra a nivel celular mediante una simulación computacional con Geant4

Abstract

This work provides information about the effects that occur in biological tissue models when photons affect them, based on the characterization of the reactions that occur physically. The energy deposited and the absorbed dose in samples of water, brain tissue and skeletal muscle tissue are determined by means of the Geant4 free distribution computational tool. As a result, it can be seen that as the photons of higher energy (hard X-rays) pass through the material, their energy decreases. That is, the characteristic attenuation of the X-rays used for radiotherapy is observed. In tissue, photons with higher energy pass through more easily than photons with low energy, so the deeper it is, the greater the attenuation of the incident beam. The probability that a photon is absorbed or scattered and consequently a certain effect occurs will depend on the incident energy of the photon and the material it passes through.