Histología del ojo compuesto y cerebro en un género de los ordenes Odonata, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera y Diptera

Abstract

Insects are segmented body invertebrates that present great morphological diversity, worldwide and in Colombia in these organisms, histological studies are very scarce, even though this type of research contributes to the understanding of highly demanded evolutionary, physiological and behavioral processes. Therefore, in this work the histological description of the structure of compound eyes and brain in a genus of the orders Odonata, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera was made, making use of a histological protocol of silver impregnation and a standardized protocol for general stain Hematoxylin and Eosin. 10 individuals of each order were used, which were collected in the municipality of Icononzo (Tolima) Cafrerias village. Dissections were performed following the protocol proposed by Strausfeld and Blest (1969). The sheets were cut with manual microtome rotation RM2125 RTS Leica of 7 to 9μm thick. The tissue was analyzed with a Leica DM750 microscope and the photographic record obtained with the Leica aplicattion suite. With the photographic record descriptive sheets of each one of the studied fabrics of each genus of worked insect were generated, following the proposal of Strausfeld and Blest (1969). It describes the specializations of the retina, cerebral neuropiles, and some visual neuropils, among others. All insects analyzed have apposition-type eyes, specializing in insects of nocturnal habits where structures such as the cornea and the rhabdomer increase their size to more efficiently capture photons. There are fungiform bodies whose structuring ecosensorial aspects of different types give. It makes associations at an ecological and evolutionary level of the structures found. It is concluded that the histological structure can be used as a tool for the understanding of behavioral processes and even the prediction of ecological characteristics in the organisms that are evaluated.