Prototipo de sistema telemétrico para la detección y alerta de incendios forestales

Abstract

ABSTRACT The purpose of the following monograph is to develop an alternative for existing processes in prevention and detection of forest fires, without doubt the problem that exists around the forest fires is extensive, since being one of the largest generators of gases of greenhouse effect, and representing until represent a potential risk for urban settlements near a forest area, it was reflectioned about of increase of forest fires in the city of Bogotá, for that reason the construction of a prototype of system for the detection and warning of forest fires based on ZigBee technology, was proposed, as well as it was investigated about the possibility of making a deployment inside of a forest area based on a template developed for the distribution of micro-monitoring stations by segments based on the terrain, were analyzed the possibilities for the distribution of a sensor network could be realized in a forest environment as well as the possible implications that could have within this ecosystem, it was considered several factors that could impede the development of the prototype, it was developed both the physical prototype and the computer system based on the JavaScript programming language, it was implemented libraries such as Angular and ReactJS, were implemented a relational and non-relational database for the storage of the information collected by the sensors of carbon monoxide and temperature as well as it was coded a server that integrated the service FireBase Cloud Message which allows to notify the mobile users on the measurements collected by the sensors, it was developed from a mobile application for smartphones based on the Android operating system version 5.0 which integrated part of the web platform developed, the graphics engines Unreal Engine 4 and Blender were implemented 16 which allow to have a visualization about the distribution of the micro monitoring stations within a virtual forest area. With all of the above, it was concluded that a system for the detection and alert of forest fires based on the Zigbee communication protocol is possible, but without doubt, it is necessary to consider the cost that would involve a network of great amplitude. That the internet of things has a long way to go and that perhaps alternatives should be considered to address the saturation found in the free 2.4GHz band, such as implementing devices based on another band of the radiofrequency spectrum as are millimeter waves or standard 5G.