Comparación entre operaciones de filtrado de una línea marina de datos sísmicos 2d mediante el paquete de procesamiento seismic Unix

Abstract

The present work was based on the application and comparison between filtering operations to a marine line of 2D seismic data using the free software Seismic Unix. This process is one of the steps that are performed in the pre-stacking of seismic information as described by geophysicist Oz Yilmaz. Seismic Unix software provides different tools for seismic data processing, which are used according to the requirements at each stage of the process. Some of these tools are digital filters, regarding the algorithms used and their parameters can improve or not seismic signals. The main aim of this phase of the processing is the elimination of the noise obtained during the field acquisition of the data. For this purpose, the filtration operations were carried out, eight tests in the frequency filters and five tests in the gain filters. In this way, a spectral analysis was performed to determine the best algorithm that represents an enhancement in the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data. Consequently, digital filtering is a process that takes place during all stages of seismic processing, of its correct analysis depends the full use of all the information contained in the seismic signals for the interpretation of the characteristics of the subsoil. Knowing the operation of each algorithm allowed to make the best decisions regarding the selection of parameters and their results, In addition, pre-processed data were generated for the future continuation of seismic processing.