Evaluación del efecto del bioextrusado de retamo (Ulex europaeus L. y Genista monspessulana (L.) L.A.S. Johnson) en el crecimiento de Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Solanum oblongifolium Dunal, Myrsine guianensis (Aubl.) Kuntze y Dodonaea viscosa Jacq en vivero, en la localidad de San Cristóbal

Abstract

One of the main losses and risks to biodiversity are biological invasions. The species of gorse (Ulex europaeus L. and Genista monspessulana (L.) L.A.S. Johnson) are classified by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) among the 100 most aggressive invasive species in the world, and their presence has a significant impact on biodiversity and on human activities such as agriculture and forestry (Corpoboyacá, 2020; Mosso Mancilla et al., 2022, pp. 2-3-4-6; Sanguino Fernández, 2018, p. 163). The objective of the research was to determine the effect of gorse bioextrudate as a soil conditioner, through an experimental trial carried out at the Environmental Restoration Center (CERESA), located in the southeastern part of Bogotá, in the eastern area of the San Cristóbal Sur locality. Treatments of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% bioextrudate, along with a control treatment, were applied to the species Chilco (Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.), Tomatillo (Solanum oblongifolium Dunal), Cucharo (Myrsine guianensis (Aubl.) Kuntze), and Hayuelo (Dodonaea viscosa Jacq.). The research was conducted with 200 individuals using a completely randomized design, taking into account four (4) species, five (5) treatments, and ten (10) repetitions for each. Growth in height and diameter was recorded, and possible regrowth was identified. Following the measurements, chemical and physical analyses of the soil and the bioextrudate were performed in the soil laboratory of the Faculty of Environment at the Francisco José de Caldas District University. Finally, the results obtained from this trial indicate that the bioextrusion process generates an organic material, and the addition of bioextrudate to the soil for the growth of native species proves to be effective, as it leads to higher growth in shorter periods of time, providing plant material of adequate height for field transfer in less time. In other words, the species respond positively to the bioextrudate, and it can be used as a resource in restoration processes.