El experimento recreativo en la construcción de los conceptos de campo eléctrico y magnético: una propuesta didáctica para el desarrollo del lenguaje científico

Abstract

The objective of this research project is to stimulate the development of scientific language in a group of tenth-grade students from a rural school in the municipality of Guayabal de Síquima through recreational experiments. These experiments enriched verbal communication in their processes of explaining natural phenomena, particularly the electric and magnetic fields. This is a qualitative research study, based on an action research approach, utilizing an intervention model grounded in the typology of recreational experiments.For this research, an experimental fair was held during the Physics class, where different setups were displayed, reflecting the characteristics of this typology. The process of creating the methodological strategy, based on the typology of recreational experiments, was grounded in the mathematization of physics for teaching. Initially, it facilitated interaction between the phenomenon, the student, and the teacher. Then, variables acting within the system were identified, establishing conditions for the phenomenon to occur, enabling students to express arguments using language that felt coherent and meaningful to them, stemming from their own sense-making processes.To account for their knowledge construction about the phenomenon, a discourse analysis was conducted. Additionally, the research contributed to the development of capacities and skills that enabled students to structure and organize ideas, schemes, explanatory models, and hypotheses, through which they formulated partial and general explanations of the physical phenomenon under study. These explanations were constructed and consolidated by the students themselves, making use of tools, methodologies, and strategies previously employed in the teaching and learning process.