Determinación de la dosis absorbida en rayos x diagnóstico

Abstract

Due to the low doses of radiation associated with diagnostic X-rays, the biological effects are probabilistic in nature, therefore they can not be determined with accuracy. It should be noted that the doses absorbed by patients depend on the procedure performed, being lower on radiographs of the extremities than of the thorax. In order to keep diagnosis doses as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA principle of radiological protection), it is of vital importance that radiodiagnostic centers implement quality control protocols in order to ensure that equipment parameters, procedures, and as the doses associated with them, they are within the established tolerance values; which is achieved from a periodic evaluation of the center. It should be noted that any radiodiagnosis procedure entails a benefit for the patient, however, associated with this benefit there is also a risk, for which it is necessary to quantify the radiation dose, in order to evaluate if it is below the values established. In search of proposing safe mechanisms for patients, to respond to these concerns arise the following questions: How to determine the dose received by the patient safely?, how varies the radiation dose at surface and at different depths?, How are the isodose curves in radiographs?.