Caracterización de los territorios multiculturales del departamento de Nariño en el marco del PND 2022-2026

Abstract

IIn its political constitution, Colombia was recognized as a multiethnic and multicultural state. For this reason, it recognized ethnic and non-ethnic groups and granted them territorial rights, which has generated interethnic and intercultural tensions due to legal and territorial overlaps that cause clashes between different communities. The department of Nariño represents a significant ethnic and environmental wealth, constituting an appropriate study area to carry out the main objective of this degree work, in which a characterization of the indigenous groups, Afro-descendant and peasant communities present in the department was carried out. territory, as well as the relationships and conflicts related to the possession, use and access to land in the context of the National Development Plan 2022-2026 'Colombia: World Power of Life', proposing the existence of possible multicultural territories. To this end, the communities present in the department that converge in the same geographic space were identified, according to geospatial information, and the areas of environmental interest with which they interact. Then, a characterization of these groups was carried out, considering their customs, traditions and land uses. Finally, possible conflicts that could arise both within and between ethnic and non-ethnic groups were diagnosed, in addition to socio environmental conflicts. As a result, four possible areas were identified where indigenous reservations and formalized community councils overlap, in addition to four types of relationships regarding aspirations and requests for formalization. As a common point, these possible territories are located towards the south and west of the department, where environmental protection areas and conservation strategies are located. Regarding this, it is concluded that it is important for the State to recognize the existence of interethnic conflicts to generate appropriate proposals for their resolution, with the establishment of multicultural territories as a figure of territorial planning being a great option.