Incidencia de las características anatómicas en las propiedades físico-mecánicas de Pseudolmedia Laevis (Ruiz & Pav.) j.f. macbr. proveniente del municipio el Retorno, departamento del Guaviare

Abstract

The relationships of the anatomical structures and physical-mechanical properties of the wood were established to determine the potential uses of Pseudolmedia laevis from the municipality of El Retorno (Guaviare). Three individuals were selected at the Estación Experimental El Trueno of the Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHI. This material was processed under the methodology established by the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) and the Panamerican Committee for Technical Standards (COPANT) and the parameters established by the IAWA (International Association of Wood Anatomists). The structure-property relationship was determined from a Spearman correlation and a stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to express the strength values as a function of the anatomical characters expressing a significant pattern. P. laevis presented a basic density and high volumetric shrinkage of 0,69 g/cm3and 15,82%, respectively. The strength values for perpendicular compression (RLP: 107,90 kg/cm2), end hardness (898,87 kg) and sides (817,61 kg) and shear (EUM: 155,08 kg/cm2) were classified as high; while radial bending (RLP: 494,40 kg/cm2, MOE: 101511,01 kg/cm) and tangential (RLP: 590.48 kg/cm2; MOE 124271.91: kg/cm2) were medium. At the anatomical level, it is characterized by septate fibers and contents of gums, silica, laticiferous tubes and crystals in radial parenchyma. Fiber thickness presented significant relationships (p < 0.05) with basic (r: 0.310) and anhydrous (r: 0.310) density, which in turn determine the high values of mechanical resistance. The length of the fibers had an influence on radial shear (r: -0.350) and hardness at their ends (r: 0.350) and radial direction (r: 0.400). The width of the rays had an influence on radial bending (r -0.390) and the lumen diameter on tangential bending (r: 0.340)