Control terrestre en el proceso fotogramétrico usando vehículos aéreos no tripulados con fines cartográficos en el municipio de Cómbita
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This document is the result of a research process whose purpose is to determine the importance of ground control in photogrammetric flights using unmanned aerial vehicles in the municipality of Cómbita, department of Boyacá, Santa Bárbara district as a stage of photogrammetric process in an area of work of 38 hectares which seeks to answer the question: What is the importance of the photocontrol stage in the photogrammetric process with UAVs and what is the appropriate process to do it taking into account the characteristics of non-metric cameras, the UAVs, the purpose of the survey and the peculiarities of the terrain? The methodology used in this research is quantitative, experimental design, developed in four stages: the first corresponds to the planning of field work, the second refers to the execution of flights and ground control, the third belongs to the processing of the information and the fourth is the statistical evaluation of the values obtained in the photogrammetric projects. In order to do this, 22 photogrammetric projects were established, which are statistically validated, taking into account the parameters of the ASPRS, which allowed to identify the distributions for the improvement of the photocontrol efficiency as a stage of classical photogrammetry.
The equipment used was GNSS Topcon GR5, a Garmin Oregon 750 navigator and a quadrocopter of the Phantom 4 series, through which it was demonstrated that the most efficient configuration for the photocontrol of the project is that which contains four control points located in square shape at the ends of the orthophotograph; the identification of the black-white and red-blue combinations as the most appropriate for the photoidentification of the point of interest, which was more accurately recognized in those marks whose shape is ele 'L', X 'X' and / or cross. The importance of ground control in the development of photogrammetric projects is based on the comparisons of the results obtained with the different methods of capture of coordinates, where errors were identified at the level of the meters with the navigators, as well as without photocontrol - although these are smaller in the horizontal plane compared to the browser control, therefore, for projects that require sub-meter precision, the need for the implementation of high precision GNSS equipment is recognized.