Caracterización de los factores de riesgo en la estación de bomberos de Chía siguiendo los parámetros de la Norma GTC 45

Abstract

At present, the importance of having a complete and efficient fire department has gained strength in Colombia due to the numerous number of accidents that occur daily and through which, we require their help; It becomes important to study all those risk factors that trigger problems for firefighters and that produce that they cannot perform their work in the best way. Due to these present factors, the latent problem of knowing those current risks that affect the fire station and proposing strategies to control them arises. To carry out this study, it was based on four components: theoretical, legal, contextual and conceptual framework, in order to learn more about the problem generated in the fire station of Chía - Cundinamarca. Among the results, physical, chemical, thermal, psychological and ergonomic risk were assessed. The fire station currently has 33 workers, all organized in such a way, to do their best in their daily work. This study begins with an analysis of the most relevant indexed publications of the years 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 regarding information that refers to the risk factors in the fire department which, as a result, gives us an existing amount of risks that cause workers to be frequently exposed not to use measures and controls to prevent them. Subsequently, a comparison of the GTC45 standard is made with the factors studied and analyzed previously to identify the hazards, assess the risks, from which it can be concluded that it is necessary that the volunteer fire station of Chía - Cundinamarca keep its management system updated and within this, its matrix of dangers since in this way it will be more efficient to make decisions that benefit and protect the health of workers within the units that comprise it. Finally, after conducting an in-depth study of what the standard requires and what the fire station should have, a comparison is made of the existing matrix, which was designed and erected in 2017 by the company of the ARL Colmena Insurance and the matrix designed by the authors of this project based on the GTC45 version 2012; from this it can be concluded that there was indeed a considerable information gap, from which controls and recommendations for improvement are issued. The fire station currently manages its indicators based on resolution 0312 of 2019; according to the recently designed matrix, they are restructured taking into account the controls and intervention measures resulting from said study.