Dosimetría Citogenética En Trabajadores Ocupacionalmente Expuestos A Radiaciones Ionizantes

Abstract

Ionizing radiation induces chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes; in cytogenetic, with the dose-response curve, the dose received by the exposed person can be determined as a complement of physical dosimetry. The aim was to determine by dicentric (DC), possible chromosomal aberrations in personal occupationally exposed (POE) to X-ray. The exposed group was formed with 20 POE of three health institutions of Bogotá, 13 women and 7 men (25-61 years), and a control group with 12 women and 8 men (27-61 years). In the count of 500 metaphases, one (1) dicentric was found in two POE and three (3) in the control group. To avoid concern in the POE to report findings and demonstrate that those DC possibly come from the frequency of background and not of overexposure, the detection threshold of the dose was calculated by the method of Merkle, with the equation: Y=0,007484-0,00004D+ 〖6,8x10〗^(-6) D^2 corresponding to the curve of the Instituto Nacional de Salud currently in use, previously standardized and the DC technique validated by them, which was 0.4237 Gy, corresponding to 9 DC and no 1 DC, that means to detect a statistically reliable doses are needed 9 DC. By Chi-Square was determined that there are no significant differences in the total number of DC between the two study groups, as the calculated value < than the table: 0.20005001 <3.841 (0.95).