Apoyo para la determinación de caudales máximos mediante modelos hidrológicos como base para la ubicación del cabezal de descarga de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del municipio de San Carlos de Guaroa en el departamento del Meta

Abstract

Rivers are the main sediment carriers and producers of construction material, not only have they been affected by climate change effects but also anthropically (Boada and Pérez, 2022), which makes it necessary to study the hydrology of the basin and characterize the discharges that are made on it. In many areas at the national level there are no limnimetric stations to obtain first-hand information on the maximum flow values at water sources, for this reason it is important to apply methodologies for the determination of these values which are fundamental in the establishment of unfavorable scenarios in terms of water resource supply or to measure the greatest possible impact on a channel receive polluting loads in the dry season where the discharges take longer to dilute in the body of water with the transit of maximum flows. Taking into account that the Guamal river is not instrumentated and therefore does not have historical records of flows, it is necessary to implement a hydrological model of runoff rain to generate a series of average flow data to estimate its behavior, and then perform flow analysis, including minimum flows and ecological flow calculation, in order to evaluate and regulate the polluting load of the wastewater produced by the urban area of San Carlos de Guaroa after its treatment in the PTAR. In this case, the GR4J model proposed by Perrin et al (2003) is used. In this model, the main input variables correspond to precipitation (P) and potential evapotranspiration (ETP). Subsequently, the maximum flows for different return periods are estimated, considering the unit hydrograph methodology, the objective of the internship is to support the determination of maximum flows from hydrological models and the preparation of a report of the study of the Guamal River as a source receiving the discharge of the existing wastewater treatment plant of the municipality of San Carlos de Guaroa located in the department of Meta; attached to this is expected to realize the application of theoretical hydrological and hydraulic concepts and the obtaining of a final report on the receiving source.