Metodología para la toma de decisiones de proyectos de electrificación en zonas rurales aisladas, desde un enfoque sistémico y de desarrollo sostenible

Abstract

The doctoral thesis proposes a methodology for decision-making in rural electrification projects in isolated areas, adopting a systemic approach toward sustainable development. The research focuses on designing a model that integrates technical, economic, social, and environmental factors, addressing rural communities' energy needs through renewable technologies and promoting responsible consumption practices. Using tools such as Systems Thinking, Design Thinking, Behavioral Economics, and Participatory Action Research (PAR), this methodology fosters collaboration and community empowerment at every project stage, from design to implementation and monitoring. Additionally, the study presents analyses of the selection, use, and energy services required to meet the diverse needs of rural households. The developed model evaluates households' energy consumption behavior, classifying needs into three dimensions: Existence, Relationship, and Growth. This approach enables the assessment of individual household demands and the impact of shared consumption on community energy infrastructure, facilitating continuous monitoring of community impact and ensuring equitable and sustainable use of energy resources. The research concludes that rural electrification projects can be more sustainable and efficient if they integrate community management practices and adapt to the specific characteristics of each context. Implementing this methodology expands access to electricity and related services in remote areas and contributes to communities' integral and sustainable development, enhancing their capacity to manage and optimize energy resources autonomously and collaboratively.