Evaluación del efecto insecticida del extracto de Citrus Sinensis (Naranja dulce) sobre adultos de musca domestica en condiciones de laboratorio y prueba de aplicación al exterior

Abstract

The domestic fly (Musca domestica L) is known to act as a reservoir and vector of diseases that concern a large part of the world population, because it has the capacity to reproduce in places with no demanding conditions. Therefore, finding control alternatives to their reproduction and propagation that do not affect the environment is of vital importance in public health and environmental sanitation. For this purpose, the present project was developed, and its purpose is to evaluate the insecticidal effect of the extract of Citrus Sinensis (Sweet orange) to be used as biological control of adults of M. domestica in laboratory conditions and to carry out a test of application to the exterior. The elaboration of the extract was carried out in the laboratory by means of a soxhlet extractor and a rotoevaporator, having a liter, the individuals were captured in the path Mochuelo Alto with a net and transported to the laboratory for the development of bioassays, they were separated in cages entomological and subjected to nine treatments by spray with the concentrations of the extract diluted in water at 1%, 3%, 4%, 10%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 75% and 100%, were observed at 0, 2,12, 24, 36 and 48 hours, this procedure was performed four times in different weeks. On the other hand, the test to the outside was by two techniques, the first spray was applied 250ml extract of the highest concentrations on different days in the kitchen of the house and in a pigsty and the second aromatization in which a cauldron was used in the kitchen of the house with the three highest concentrations in three different days, both tests in order to corroborate the laboratory results. Laboratory results do not show mortality in treatments with concentrations such as 1%, 3% and 10%. Concentrations from 20% increase their percentage of mortality and at the end of 48 hours of exposure the extract applied to 40% eliminates 100% of the individuals in a shorter time than established, however the statistical analysis in IBM SPSS the LC50 corresponds to the 60% concentration of the extract. On the contrary, the results obtained in the field showed that the extract of C. Sinensis as an insecticide does not work in the expected way since it does not cause mortality in specimens of M. domestica. In conclusion it can be affirmed that the extract of C. Sinensis when used as an insecticide has a low level of reach in the laboratory and definitely no field conditions, because it does not cause mortality, however, it has a repellency power against M. domestica.