Evaluación ambiental estratégica de la política del sector transporte para la mitigación del cambio climático en Colombia

Abstract

As a result of the commitment made by Colombia during the COP21 to reduce 20% of GHG emissions by 2030 (or 30% with international cooperation), it triggered the formulation of policies from all sectors to ensure compliance. In order to identify the possible environmental impacts caused by the implementation of the Mitigation Policy for Climate Change in the transport sector in Colombia, the Strategic Environmental Assessment was developed, taken as a tool to include the environmental dimension in the sectors of decision-making as to policies, plans and programs. For this, the methodology established by Oñate (2002) was developed for the analysis of objectives and proposals, and for the analysis of importance of environmental impacts, the methodology developed by Conesa (2010) was implemented. As a result, the implementation of the Sectoral Action Plan for Climate Change Mitigation of the Ministry of Transport would have a positive impact on air quality, thanks to the proposed measures for the reduction of GHG emissions, and improvements are also expected in the quality of life and health of people. On the other hand, possible negative impacts on the water and soil factor were established, which are originated by proposals that include the change of energy sources for transportation.