Modelamiento del comportamiento mecánico de las cuerdas vocales durante una intubación endotraqueal prolongada
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Talking is the result of the interaction between air from the lungs and vocal cords (VC), this action may be affected by pathologies or procedures such as endotracheal intubation, which is performed in order to ensure the airway of a patient who has some respiratory complication; this intubation can last for days, weeks or months, affecting the tissues and nerves that make up the resumes, their mechanical properties and the distribution of efforts they support. In Guáqueta y Vergara work (2016), the involvement of the distribution of efforts in VC was exposed by a pathology, however, there are no references of studies involving the viscoelastic behavior of the tissues that make up the VC and their response over time to this type of procedure. It worked mainly with three parts of the VC: the ligament and vocal muscles (elastic-linear material) and the sheet itself (viscoelastic material). The mechanical properties for determining the behavior of a viscoelastic material have been little studied, therefore models such as the Maxwell Model and the Kelvin-Voigt Model were sought, which consider the VC to be a composition between a viscous element (piston with viscous fluid) and an elastic (spring) element. These models yield data that does not fit reality, so the Linear Standard Solid Model was selected which is the serial constitution of the above models. The distribution of stresses changes due to the viscoelastic properties of the VF, for this reason, they have alterations in their morphology when subjected to a load in prolonged periods; Variations in mechanical behavior were identified during the study based on change in VC tissue, which may be a potential cause of voice disturbances.