Relación entre aspectos socio-económicos de la población colombiana y la mortalidad por descargas eléctricas atmosféricas para el periodo 2008-2018

Abstract

Colombia is located in the Intertropical Zone and has a geography characterized by its mountainous system and plains. These conditions allow a high activity of atmospheric electrical discharges to the ground, establishing a number of condemnable deaths and injuries, which produces the existence of vulnerable populations, this undergraduate work presents an updated report on the number of lightning deaths in Colombia for the period 2008-2018. Additionally, the dataset is analyzed in order to establish a vulnerability relationship according to socioeconomic aspects such as sex, age, education level and occupation. First, the collection of the Colombian fatality database was carried out, this information is provided by the National Administrative Department of Statistics of Colombia (DANE). Then, lightning fatalities were grouped by means of the International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10-PCS) using the ICD-10 codes. T750 and X33. Parallel to this, the population density was obtained departmentally. Similarly, the personal information of the deceased was obtained in order to obtain a better understanding of the results regarding vulnerability according to each socioeconomic aspect, as well as its correlation between aspects, finding a direct relationship in the topics of education and occupation. Subsequently, the estimation of the Multi-Year Mortality Rate (MMR) was developed through the ArcMap work environment, allowing the geographical distribution of fatalities at departmental and regional level, the software tools are used to establish a visualization of the data through a map, which shows the magnitude of the phenomenon by means of colors, giving clues to the reader about the departments and regions with greater susceptibility. In turn, the departments were grouped into 7 regions in order to establish a relationship between the monthly distribution of fatalities and rainfall according to their region. Finally, different studies on lightning mortality were consulted, both nationally and worldwide, and a comparison of the results obtained in each study was carried out. In this way, the situation of each country and its possible difference or similarity with respect to the socio-economic groups that represent greater vulnerability will be evaluated. It also includes a summary of the methodologies, fatalities and mortality rates of the 22 countries, showing the difference between the methodologies used for data collection.