Detección de zonas de expansión urbana usando imágenes ortorectificadas. Caso de estudio: Ciudad Pereira - Risaralda

Abstract

The case study develops a practical analysis proposal for the time window between 1989, 1998, and 2019, implementing the use and processing of orthorectified images from the Landsat satellite under sensors 4, 5, and 8, using technological resources and tools to consider what we call urban growth and occupation in the municipal capital of Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia. Classified as a medium-sized city according to the classification and categorization given by international organizations, which describe them as “functional urban areas” due to their permanent demographic and urban growth, the city of Pereira requires an analysis that will subsequently provide a methodology to guide the decision-making process and the implementation of measures in the proper planning of land use, the way in which the territory is occupied, and the structuring of areas to allow for urban growth. The Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial tool, such as the one designed in this research, facilitates the prospective identification of areas of urban sprawl during the chosen time period. Similarly, through the analysis of the results, it allows for the offering of alternatives that can be used to guarantee minimum conditions of habitability and quality of life by establishing patterns of territorial accessibility and acquisition of goods and services by the population, as well as guiding ways to reduce adverse environmental and economic consequences in favor of the conscious use of natural resources, respect for the environment, and commitment to sustainable development.