Integración optima de sistemas de generación solar fotovoltaica para la minimización de costos totales de operación anual aplicando el algoritmo de la viuda negra

Abstract

The problem of the optimal location and sizing of photovoltaic (PV) sources in electrical distribution systems is addressed in this article through the application of the black widow optimization algorithm (BWOA). This problem is of mixed-integer nonlinear nature and is addressed by a master-slave type optimization strategy. In the master stage, the BWOA defines the location and size of the PV generators through discrete-continuous coding, and with this information, the slave stage (power flow for distribution) determines the electrical variables of the system, with which is evaluated the objective function and the constraints of the problem. As an objective function, the minimization of the annual costs of operation and maintenance of the system is considered, added to the total costs of purchasing energy in the electrical network for a planning period of 20 years. The numerical results in the IEEE 34- and IEEE 85-node systems show that with the proposed optimization methodology it is possible to reduce around 27 % of the annual operating costs in both systems with the optimal location of three photovoltaic sources. Comparisons with metaheuristics and exact methodologies reported in the specialized literature confirm the efficiency and robustness of the proposed methodology.