Análisis comparativo de la normatividad de riesgos laborales en la modalidad de teletrabajo de los países miembros de la Comunidad Andina de Naciones - CAN

Abstract

In the division of labor, society saw the need to create new roles to improve activities, work was distributed according to the characteristics of each place, but now, work as well as man has evolved, tools were perfected and the mobiles that helped foster collective and individual progress. Friedrich Engels further clarifies the concept of work in human evolution. This was expressed in his book The role of work in the transformation of monkey man into man, who considered that the work itself is diversified and perfected from generation to generation extending to new activities, starting in hunting and livestock activities, subsequently agriculture, spinning, weaving, metalworking, navigation and commerce. (Engels, 2000) This is indicated by the fact that as new tools were created, work became sophisticated and generated the creation of social, political and economic groups. The economy began to take a lot of strength in the incidence of new work carried out through human labor, the creation of technologies makes it possible to cover the needs of the consumer population, although many jobs were segregated by the immersion of technology, to the Once he urged society to train and thus meet new needs. Each society emerged at the labor level according to political and economic approaches, some taking into account population needs and others addressing personal needs. The societies with greater economic impulse managed to generate new economic models that allowed new jobs, we went from a slave stadium to a paid stadium, where the labor primacy is maintained in the commercial activities of the acquisition of goods and services. Colombia took into account the possibility of further boosting its economy by creating alliances with countries, on May 26, 1969, the Cartagena Agreement was signed where the Andean integration process was launched, known as the Andean Pact, now Andean Community CAN, to generate impacts that will help countries to consolidate markets, strategies and technologies, that is why the CAN treaties, watch over and tend to the stability of their individuals. The economic model of nations is based on the sale of goods and services, it is the duty of the state to regulate the relations between the groups that drive such movements, the need to generate policies where all the actors of the economy are united, among them are workers belonging to producer, consumer and import groups, all of them must work together with governments to compensate for the delay of marginalized regions, where economic policies are aimed at facilitating access to information, adapting tools to new information and communication technologies, many of the new strategies are aimed at local, national and international development. (2004 CATTANI ANTONIO) In 1973 the United States was going through an oil crisis, which forced scientists to focus economic policies in other sectors, for this it was necessary to think of a new tool that would reduce pollution and thus avoid the need to use cars to mobilize workers from their homes to the workplace, which would reduce the consumption of gasoline, for this reason mechanisms were created so that people did not have the need to move from their place of residence, presenting to the world the proposal of teleworking, which was welcomed gradually in the Americas, Telecommuting Program. Therefore, the states in order to be economically competitive were affected by the need to implement strategies to improve productivity and work, who did not implement technology remained calm due to lack of it, in Colombia the first step was taken during the presidency of Gaviria where labor standards were adapted to the new world economy, economic opening was launched there, making the country more competitive, replacing rigid rules with more flexible ones such as Law 50 of 1990. (Jassir, 2010) When opening up to globalization, the implementation of technologies that allow communication between companies, people and regulators in an efficient way was almost mandatory, in Colombia the areas related to technology were in charge of the Ministry of Post and Telegraphs, who through the decree 160 of April 16, 1876 regulated for the first time standards referred to telegraph lines, this mission was entrusted to the Ministry to private entities, Central and South American cable company ”, after 29 years the national government assumes the administration of telephones and creates a state organization, which depended on the Mini