Apoyo a la elaboración de la 4.ª colección de mapas anuales de cobertura de la tierra para la Amazonía colombiana durante el periodo 1985 - 2021 bajo la metodología MapBiomas como base para el análisis multitemporal de fragmentación del bosque húmedo tropical (bh-t) en el resguardo indígena Jerusalén San Luis Alto Picudito en el periodo 2000 - 2020

Abstract

The generation of multi-temporal land cover data is one of the main inputs for the analysis of the dynamics of natural land cover change and the problems derived from it, such as ecosystem fragmentation, in order to establish measures aimed at territorial planning and biodiversity conservation. In this sense, through the articulation of artificial intelligence algorithms with remote sensing tools and geographic information systems, the MapBiomas initiative developed its fourth collection of annual land cover maps for the Colombian Amazon between 1985 and 2021, from which an analysis of tropical rainforest fragmentation (bh-T) was carried out in three time periods: 2000 to 2007, 2007 to 2014, and 2014 to 2020; in the indigenous resguardo Jerusalén San Luis Alto Picudito, located in the deforestation core of Putumayo and inhabited by the Nasa-Páez community. It was found that the initial area of bh-T is being transformed into a matrix of use with small patches of forest isolated from each other that tend to present simple geometries with a higher degree of susceptibility to the edge effect and greater probability of extinction, from 2000 to 2020 a total of 648.9 ha of bh-T were lost, equivalent to 16% of the forest area in the year 2000. Finally, some alternatives are recommended to improve aspects of the MapBiomas methodology and some measures to contain the increase in fragmentation in the reserve and mitigate its effects on both biodiversity and the indigenous community.