Desarrollo de habilidades del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes técnicos del SENA a través de una ATE

Abstract

The project addresses the challenge proposed by the United Nations on the need to promote the development of critical thinking skills in students at all school levels, including technical education students within the framework of the global goals of the Goals. Sustainable Development (SDG) specifically in the seventh that promotes guaranteeing access to affordable and sustainable energy. To achieve this end, it has been observed that the construction of photovoltaic solar energy systems provides a source of clean and renewable energy. Furthermore, with solar panels, dependence on fossil fuels, an important source of greenhouse gas emissions, is reduced; Charging stations for electronic devices are built, as a practical response that National Learning Service students can turn to in search of a solution to sustainable energy accessibility.

To bring this challenge to the students, a School Technology Activity is used, which is designed by the technical teacher, so that the students, through the design and construction of a photovoltaic solar energy system, develop critical thinking skills that , in the perspective of Paul, R. and Eder, L. (2003), involves the Universal Intellectual Standards and the elements of thinking while carrying out the experience of design and construction of the possible alternative solution of a solar charging station according to with the technical requirements. To analyze the critical thinking that students achieve, as a result of the implementation of the didactic work unit, it is proposed to describe the state of development of one of the critical thinking skills, evaluating the universal intellectual standard called by the authors, clarity. In the design of the didactic work unit, the sequence of the components proposed by Quintana, Páez, & Téllez, (2018) for a design and construction ATE is taken. The study uses a qualitative methodology, which focuses on observing how the ability to make informed decisions develops in them and thus describe the development of students' critical thinking. In addition, an interpretive approach is assumed that allows the researcher to access the wealth from the experiences of the participants; apprentices who attend the technical training program in maintenance of photovoltaic solar system installations offered by the National Learning Service at the South Complex headquarters in Bogotá during the night shift.