Gestión ambiental preventiva con educación ambiental, correctiva con manejo integral de residuos sólidos y curativa con la restauración ecológica en el Parque Nacional Natural El Cocuy

Abstract

Colombia is the second most biodiverse country in the world, it is the first in the world in diversity of birds and orchids, the second in the world in biodiversity of plants, amphibians, butterflies and freshwater fish, it is also the third country in the world in species of palms and reptiles, it also ranks fourth in biodiversity of mammals; Colombian biodiversity has suffered a loss of approximately 18%, mainly caused by the pressure exerted by extensive ranching, agriculture and deforestation. (Humboldt, 2017) Due to the great responsibility that Colombia has to care for and protect this biodiversity, the country has a special administrative unit called National Natural Parks of Colombia that has 62 protected areas made up of 43 National Natural Parks of Colombia, 9 Fauna and Flora Sanctuaries, 3 National Districts of Integrated Management, 2 Flora Sanctuaries, 2 National Natural Reserves, 1 Fauna Sanctuary, 1 Vía Parque and 1 Unique Natural Area. Within the 43 National Natural Parks of Colombia we find El Cocuy National Natural Park which has an area of ​​306,000 Ha and is located in the eastern part of Colombia, on part of the El Cocuy Forest Reserve and which overlaps with the indigenous reservation. U'wa. The El Cocuy National Natural Park is of great importance for Colombia and its communities since it conserves in its interior ecosystems of Tropical Humid Forest, Sub-Andean Humid Forest, High Andean Humid Forest, Paramo, Superparamo and Nival. (PNNC, 2021) In the El Cocuy National Natural Park we can see that the communities surrounding the protected area and living in the buffer zone exert pressure on the protected area through extensive cattle ranching, agriculture and deforestation. This is why the internship supports the Environmental Management that is carried out in the El Cocuy National Natural Park through different strategic lines of action by preventing environmental degradation with Environmental Education, correcting the behavior of activities that generate or may generate environmental degradation with the comprehensive management of solid waste and curing degradation by recovering spaces and environmental factors degraded with ecological restoration.