La dictadura de Augusto Pinochet en Chile de 1973 a 1990 como parte de la historia de América Latina a través de la nueva canción chilena

Abstract

One of the main goals in social studies should be to start understanding the historical contexts of our continent, making use of elements related with popular traditions such as music. In the Latin-American case, the folkloric root is a way to comprehend not just the way of living and perspectives of diverse communities, but their standpoints about different historical and political circumstances. From that point of view this paper is constructed, taking as a starting point my personal interests toward the Chilean music. The approach to its lyrics and rhythms, its development and genealogy, that is to say, its very birth that forbore what would occur in the entire continent: the events during the dictatorial processes in which the exile, torture and execution of singer-songwriters were included. Finally, the democratic processes of these countries, is the discursive perspective used. This discourse holds the musical expressions not as an element that give a privilege to the elites or the beginning of a new musical expression, but as a narration shown in the particular history from the most of the communities in our continent. The so called nueva canción chilena (New Chilean Song) is the one that inspired many people to talk about their present, past and desire for a free America without prejudices in which justice were the main goal. To conclude, in this research I would like to highlight the motives of some composers such as Victor Jara and Violeta Parra along with Inti Illimani and Quilapayún to talk, through their lyrics, melodies and composition, the history of their country. Taking this into account my purpose is to take such elements as a starting point making an analysis of the reach that such movement could have in the political and social processes of Chile in the seventies.