Diseño y construcción de moldes para la fabricación de cojinería y espaldar en espuma de poliuretano para asientos de buses intermunicipales

Abstract

In the present work of degree, the steps followed are shown for the design and construction of molds in aluminum, where injecting polyurethane foam is obtained a fundamental component in the manufacture of a silletería for passengers of intercity buses in the company Super Tapiautobus & INC. LTDA. The two molds designed and constructed are: Foam product Executive cushion and model foam Back Valencia; Also, a structure was designed and built to support and move the molds in a work station, where a valve opening and closing system was incorporated by means of pneumatic cylinders. The drawings were made aided by the CAD program of SOLID EDGE ST8, for the pneumatic part we used Festo Pneumatics FLUIDSIM V4.2. For the back Valencia, a reverse engineering process was done with a 3D laser scanner. The design and construction of these molds was given to help improve the production that was held in the company Super Tapiautobus & CIA. LTDA improving cycle times of injection that fell by 7%, daily production increased by 50% for backs and for cushions increased by 15%. In addition, present quality problems are solved when using polyurethane injection and increase the versatility of the product, giving way to the creation of new models. The designs of the molds conform to the norm NTC 5206 VEHICLES FOR THE PUBLIC LAND TRANSPORT COLLECTIVE AND SPECIAL OF PASSENGERS. REQUIREMENTS AND TEST METHODS.