Interpretación de coberturas de la tierra y análisis multitemporal para el área de compensación ambiental del Proyecto Hidroeléctrico de el Quimbo

Abstract

The Quimbo hydroelectric project is located in the department of Huila, in upper Magdalena river basin, under the jurisdiction of the municipalities of Gigante, El Agrado, Garzón, Tesalia, Altamira and Paicol. This project is owned by Emgesa S.A. E.S.P. It was realized through FUNDACION NATURA COL. the visual interpretation of land coverings of 11079 ha the area of compensation of the project, having as input an orthorectified aerial photograph of the year 2008 and a SPOT 5 image of the year 2013. Once the Vectorization , Field trips were made with which a mayor of the interpretation was sought, taking a total of 105 checkpoints. Through the ArcGIS software, the multitemporal analysis was performed, where the “intersect” tool was able to identify the areas with changes in their coverage between 2008 and 2013, emphasizing that this was only possible for the western margin. It was found that in total there were changes in 1516,17 ha highlighting the growth of forested coverages such as dense forest of firm land (31111) and open sclerophyllous Arbustal (32221) while all coverages denominated like pastures for example Clean pastures 231), grassed pastures (233) and wooded pastures (232) observed a decrease in their total area in 2013. There is evidence of the pressure of anthropic pressure in natural succession processes, observing the recovery of pasture areas and Shrub growth in Area and density. It is important not to leave aside these types of studies that bring us closer to the dynamics of the landscape and that a future can lead us to the elaboration of predictive models.