Redes de interacción de aves y plantas de la Reserva Umbral Cultural Horizontes, cerros orientales de Bogotá D.C. Un acercamiento a la importancia y conservación de las aves

Abstract

This work is carried out to determine the existing ecological interactions between birds and plants that inhabit the reserve areas of the eastern hills adjacent to the city of Bogotá, through the method of interaction networks since, with this, we can make an analysis of how the networks of interactions are structured and also what role the species are playing in the ecosystem. It also identifies different patterns of behavior of key species for the stability of interaction networks. The above, from observation and monitoring of birds and identification of plants associated with perching, feeding, agonistic behavior, and nesting activities of the birds of the reserve. Sampling was carried out during 3 months of the year, in which visits were made twice a week in the different sampling areas, where three observation points were distributed 50 meters from each other. For the analysis of results, the R study programs were used with the Bipartite, Network, and Vegan packages, used to graph interaction networks, and the PAST program to calculate the diversity indices and rarefaction curves. With this information, several analyses could be made on the structure of the interaction network where several patterns, such as nesting, modularity, symmetry, and low connectedness were evidenced. In addition to identifying it as a robust network in the face of the different disturbances that may affect the ecosystem, as well as finding key species such as the Colibri coruscans, Diglossa humeralis, Colibri cyanotus, and Diglossa lafresnayii which are essential for the permanence and maintenance of the entire community of birds and plants of the reserve.