Caracterización de la vegetación de relictos de bosques del piedemonte amazónico en los departamentos de Caquetá y Putumayo (Colombia)
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The Northwest of the Colombian Amazon is one of the areas with the greatest floristic diversity, due to the confluence of Andean and Amazonian elements, however, currently this area presents a high anthropic pressure (deforestation, illicit crops, mining, among others) that threatens ecological integrity. For this reason, the characterization of the floristic, structural composition, diversity and function (stored carbon) of some Amazon forest relics in the departments of Caquetá and Putumayo; by establishing 13 plots of 0.1 ha (10m x 100m), divided into 6 plots for tropical rainforest (bh-T), with an altitude range of 514 to 813 meters above sea level, and 7 plots in premontane forest in an altitudinal range from 1310 to 2215 masl; the sampling was complementary with free routes where fertile material was collected. 1576 individuals were registered in 0.13 ha, distributed in 595 species, 264 genera and 95 families. In the tropical humid forest, 586 records were obtained for trees with DAP ≥ 10 cm (232 species, 137 genera and 52 families), with an average of 98 ± 17.8 individuals in each real sample unit; the families with the highest IVIF were Leguminosae (28%), Myristicaceae (26.9%), Sapotaceae (21.7%) and Euphorbiaceae (17.7%); The species with the highest IVI correspond to: Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum subsp. spurious (9.14%), Virola sebifera (7.74%) and Aspidosperma excelsum (6.8%); the average basal area was 4.48 ± 1.26 m2 / 0.1 ha; the aerial biomass of 38.61 ± 9.89 Mg / 0.1ha (19.30 ± 4.95 Mg / 0.1ha of stored carbon) was estimated; The calculated alpha diversity indices have values of H '= 3.78 ± 0.10, D = 0.97 ± 0.01 and S = 54.59 ± 11.72. In the premontane forest, 649 individuals with DAP ≥ 10 (208 species, 112 genera and 48 families) were registered; an average of 93 ± 18.1 individuals are found in the sampling units; Melastomataceae (19.9%), Lauraceae (19.1%), Rubiaceae (18.3%) and Euphorbiaceae (15.7%) stood out among the families with the highest IVIF. Among the species with higher values of IVI are distinguished: Myrsine coriacea (9.8%), Dictyocaryum lamarckianum (8.1%), Casearia arborea (7.2%) and Weinmannia cf. pinnata (6.9%); a data of 3.48 ± 0.56 m2 / 0.1 ha of basal area was obtained, likewise the estimation of air biomass was 24.85 ± 5.24 Mg / 0.1ha (12.43 ± 2.62 Mg / 0.1ha of carbon stored) and in the indexes of diversity were calculated: H '= 3.46 ± 0.19, D = 0.95 ± 0.01 and S = 31.90 ± 11.26.