Evaluación del efecto larvicida de extracto de guama (inga vera) sobre larvas de estadio iv aedes aegypti (en condiciones de laboratorio)

Abstract

The incidence of the Aedes aegypti mosquito on public health has affected various areas of the country and also a large part of the world population, bringing with it diseases such as Dengue, which mainly affects rural areas, these being the most vulnerable due to various socioeconomic factors. In order to control the negative incidence of this vector on public health, it is proposed to take advantage of the seed of the Inga vera species, which is mainly used as a shade tree for plantations such as coffee. Therefore, the larvicidal effect of the ethanolic extract of the Inga vera seed (Guama) was evaluated for the botanical control of fourth-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti under laboratory conditions. Five bioassays were conducted under concentrations of 300, 350, 400, 450, and 500 ppm with four replicates each, totaling 100 larvae for each treatment. The results showed that the Inga vera extract is a favorable alternative since all bioassays showed mortality after 12 hours of exposure, with the concentration of 500 ppm obtaining the highest mortality rate at 97% after 48 hours of exposure, in addition to an LT50 of 21.3 hours and an LT90 of 36.1 hours of exposure. By performing the Probit statistical analysis, it was found that to reach the LC50 concentration of the Inga vera for Aedes aegypti, 418 ppm is required, and for the LC90 concentration, individuals must be subjected to 479 ppm, in order to achieve the effectiveness of the ethanolic extract of Inga vera as a larvicide.