Estado del arte. Propiedades mecánicas y sostenibilidad de la Guadua Angustifolia Kunth como material de construcción

Abstract

This monograph provides a state-of-the-art review on the mechanical properties and sustainability of Guadua Angustifolia Kunth as an alternative construction material. Its mechanical characteristics were compared with traditional materials like concrete and steel, and its positive environmental impact in construction processes was analyzed. The descriptive methodology involved a comprehensive literature review (studies, books, articles, and theses) at both national and international levels. Findings indicate that guadua exhibits remarkable mechanical behavior, with high flexural and tensile strength, and excellent energy dissipation capacity, making it a safe option for earthquake-resistant structures. Furthermore, its rapid growth, contribution to erosion control, and significant CO2 absorption position it as a sustainable alternative. Although its implementation faces challenges such as low industrialization, the need for skilled labor, and lack of regulation, the study concludes that guadua is a strategic resource for sustainable construction, ecosystem restoration, and local socioeconomic development, particularly in tropical regions. Its capacity to complement conventional materials is highlighted, as well as the importance of training programs to overcome adoption barriers.