Vigilancia tecnológica del internet de las cosas (IoT aplicado en el sector salud

Abstract

The technological transformation in the healthcare sector, precipitated by the COVID-19 pandemic, marks a significant shift in how healthcare and health management are conceived. The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a fundamental role in this evolution by providing a platform for the interconnection of physical devices and information systems. This automated interconnection enables unprecedented data collection and exchange, thus facilitating real-time monitoring and control of healthcare services, which was not possible before. In response to this rapidly changing situation, it becomes necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis through technological surveillance. This approach involves constant monitoring of advances in various technological fields, identifying emerging trends, and evaluating their applicability in the healthcare sector. Certainly, there is a growing need to expand the scope of healthcare delivery, given the proliferation of increasingly complex diseases affecting geographically remote areas. In this context, the Internet of Things emerges as a central actor. Taking the above into account, the research presented in this document aims to create and implement a technological surveillance model of information systems applied to the value chain in the healthcare sector. The goal is to capture information related to the implementation of IoT and analyze the application of technology in the sector to identify trends in the implementation process of technologies in the links of the value chain, based on bibliometric information. To understand the technological landscape, a mapping of the technologies used in each link of the value chain is conducted. Subsequently, they are classified according to their typology and geographical density. Co-occurrence analysis is applied using VOSviewer to identify the most relevant technologies. Finally, a validation and analysis process of the relevant information found is designed through expert opinions from the sector and analysis of the relevant topics found in reports from the country's most important clinics and hospitals. This is done to visualize available technologies, including their trends. Based on this analysis, conclusions and recommendations are presented that may be useful for future studies on the topic.