Páramo ¿conservación sin conversación? análisis del conflicto socio-ecológico asociado a la declaración del área protegida Reserva Forestal Protectora del Páramo de Guargua y Laguna Verde

Abstract

The creation of protected areas has been one of the strategies most used by environmental authorities for the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, when these statements are made ignoring and excluding the interests and perceptions of the people who inhabit them, conflicts between the institutions and the communities are generated. This study aims to analyze the socio-ecological conflict of the declaration process of the Protected Forest Reserve of the Paramo de Guargua y Laguna Verde in the municipality of Tausa, Colombia. This was done within the framework of the case study, making a temporary analysis of the development of the conflict and an evaluation of the social impact through the IRR model. The temporal analysis allowed the identification of different moments of conflict development, where the years 2009 and 2014 being the most critical for the communities due to the declaration of the protected area and the prohibition of agricultural and livestock activities, respectively. The IRR Model allowed the identification of displacement as one of the impacts that generated the greatest detriment in the communities, triggering other negative impacts such as food insecurity, marginalization or morbidity. The analysis of the conflict allowed us to recognize the need to move towards processes that allow a fair conservation, where institutions harmoniously articulate with the communities in order to achieve the sustainability of protected areas.