Pasantía en apoyo en la elaboración de planos y modelos digitales de terreno MDT a partir de datos LIDAR y fotogrametría digital

Abstract

Advanced topographic data capture methods have made a significant difference over time due to their use and application in different projects because of their high technology, among these can be found topographical surveys RPAS, GPS/GNSS satellite navigation systems, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), LIDAR technology, and other methodologies. These methods mark a significant difference in data capture in comparison to conventional topography, being applied in different areas such as infrastructure projects, territorial planning, earthworks, environmental impact assessment, among others (Corredor, 2018). LIDAR is characterized as one of the most innovative data capture methods at the forefront of technology due to its fast development and operation mode, this method ensures the representation of the land with appropriate margins of error, making its use valuable for the technological development of society (CHUQUIMIA, 2021). LIDAR is an advanced terrain data capture system based on laser beams emitted from a sensor mounted on an aircraft, either an unmanned aerial vehicle or a helicopter, these beams are reflected off the terrain and other objects, returning to the sensor in the form of light pulses, registering high-speed data, as of this information it is gotten a dense network of data corresponding to the position and elevation of each point, allowing to get the extraction of 3-dimensional surface information (X,Y,Z), from this terrain information, various processes and procedures can be carried out to identify different features such as slopes, flood areas, contour lines, earth volumes, basins, and the generation of Digital Surface Models (DSMs) for further analysis (Salamanca Cespedes, 2008). This paper aims to show and explain in detail all the procedures and activities carried out in the projects called ISA-INTERCOLOMBIA and ISA-TRANSELCA done by the company GEOCAM Ingeniería S.A.S for the modeling of electric transmission lines. It focuses on the treatment of data such as georeferenced ortho-photos and LIDAR point clouds, taking into account the parameters and conditions established for the development and processing to ensure optimal accuracy as required by the project. To achieve this, different knowledge and concepts of digital photogrammetry and data interpretation will be considered, using different programs and tools that allow to perform suitable data treatment, digitization, and processing for the generation of products such as topographic plans and Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) of the land surface for the projects undertaken.