Estructura del ensamblaje de murciélagos (Mammalia: Chiroptera) en la cuenca media del Río Guayuriba (Acacias-Meta)

Abstract

Assemblages bats have complex dynamics within ecosystems, level Neotropics contain a wealth of species and a variety of food resources. These assemblages react to sudden environmental changes and anthropogenic processes such as the burning and clearing of forests, pollution, extension of the agricultural frontier, among others, affecting their composition and structure. This research describes the assemblage structure of bats present in four sampling sites along the middle reaches of the river Guayuriba. Forest, edge of forest, pasture, patch of forest and water bodies: 8 mist nets located in different habitat types were used. The captured individuals were measured, determined, photographed and marked (for analysis of abundance). Effort and success area catch and for four areas, for the data analysis EstimateS 9.1.0 (Colwell 2013) and Statistica Past was used was calculated. These species accumulation curves, indices values Simpson, Shannon-Wiener, Pielou, graphics rank-abundance, Whittaker and evaluating Morisita-horn structure and exchange of species were obtained. The effect of altitudinal gradient on the composition of this assembly was also analyzed. We captured a total of 582 individuals, representing 25 species and 3 families: Phyllostomidae 577 individuals, Vespertilionidae Molossidae 3 and 2 individuals. Within the family Phyllostomidae individuals of Phyllostominae (Micronycteris) Desmodontinae (Desmodus) Glossophaginae (Anoura and Glossophaga) Carollinae (Carollia) and Stenodermatinae (Vampyressa, Platyrrhinus, Sturnira and Artibeus) subfamilies were recorded. The most abundant species were Carolliaperspicillata and little yellow-shouldered bat, intermediate species abundance for Platyrrhinus lineatus and silky short-tailed bat was recorded. These 4 species with 372 catches, constituting 63.8% of the records, and are the species for its high representativeness, have greater contribution to the taxonomic identity of the assemblage studied.The composition of the assemblage follows the pattern observed in other assemblages of the country and the Neotropics, where there are few species and many species abundances marked with a low number of individuals.