Composición y estructura de macroinvertebrados en una laguna amazónica del municipio de Calamar (Guaviare, Colombia)

Abstract

The present work studied the composition and structure of aquatic macroinvertebrates in a permanent lagoon located in the Gaviotas village of the municipality of Calamar,Guaviare, this is part of a wetland system influenced by the flood pulse. The macroinvertebrate collections were carried out with a D-net type network sampling in two zones, the littoral zone with abundant presence of macrophytes and the mobile littoral zone or dynamic edge. The samplings were carried out during three dates corresponding to the months of august 2018, october 2018 and february 2019. The individuals collected were manually separated, preserved, labeled and determined by the use of specialized dichotomous keys for the different groups of macroinvertebrates. theanalysis of the structure of macroinvertebrates made using the indices of dominance of Simpson, Shannon, wealth of margalef and similarity of morisita. A total of 1587 individuals were collected corresponding to 5 classes, 13 orders, 40 families and 76 genera and/or morphogene, being the most abundant families Chironomidae, Libellulidae, Hydrophilidae, Dytiscidae, Baetidae and Glossiphoniidae. It is concluded that the lagoon presents a high diversity of macroinvertebrates that increases in the dynamic edge during the dry season, likewise that the composition and structure of this group is affected by the hydroperiodes, the variation in the extensions of macrophytes and the changes in the composition of substrates in the two zones.