Valoración de Áreas con Restricciones Definidas en el POT como Zonas de Protección. Estudio de caso Reserva Forestal Protectora Cárpatos Municipio de Guasca- Cundinamarca
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The lands with protective forests that generate water, similar to the Forest Reserve Protector Carpathians, are calculated by the appraisers by the method of comparison or market, using as a reference the lowest value of the hectare for a rural area in the town. And applying this value to all hectares of the property with this feature of protective forest. Or in the worst case they are punished with a lower percentage of one by the appraiser with reference to the average value of a productive land1. On the other hand, the economic value of a tree is justified by the explanation of the benefits they bring to the community, such as: synthesis of the sun's energy through photosynthesis, the advantages that this function provides in terms of savings in methods of air purification, the cooling effect of said function, the feeding human and animal, fuel, pharmaceutical uses, forest reserves, sequestration of carbon, etc. The value of the trees goes beyond what is granted in the market for its industrial cost in wood, the indirect benefits and savings they bring, far exceed their value forestry being this the most subjective section of any assessment, but that clearly it helps to give its real value. Thus, to estimate the economic value of the environmental good or service, one can resort the financial cost of their restitution or the replacement of their services by means of a technology created by the human being - for the case here proposed is spoken in terms of ecological restoration-, that is, the method is based on the estimation of costs potentials of damage, measured by engineering estimators or ex-ante accountants of the Replacement or restoration costs.