Evaluación de la variación en la composición y diversidad funcional del bosque seco en Colombia a lo largo de un gradiente de dureza ambiental

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dc.contributor.advisorGonzález Martínez, Roy Oswaldo
dc.contributor.authorSalinas Vargas, Laura Viviana
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-14T16:23:05Z
dc.date.available2025-05-14T16:23:05Z
dc.date.created2025-02-28
dc.descriptionLa sequía, las limitaciones de nutrientes en el suelo y la transformación de la cobertura del suelo son factores clave de dureza ambiental que moldean la diversidad y los procesos ecológicos de los ecosistemas tropicales. Sin embargo, su influencia sobre la composición y la diversidad funcional de los bosques secos tropicales (BST) sigue siendo poco comprendida. Este estudio evalúa cómo el aumento de la dureza ambiental afecta el promedio ponderado por abundancia comunitaria de los rasgos funcionales (CWM, por sus siglas en inglés), que representa la composición funcional, y la riqueza funcional (FRich), que representa la diversidad funcional, en BST de Colombia. Analizamos datos de 98 parcelas permanentes (de 0.1 ha cada una) distribuidas a lo largo de un amplio rango de condiciones climáticas, edáficas y de transformación de la cobertura del suelo, incluyendo rasgos funcionales foliares y de madera de 338 especies de árboles (22,568 individuos). Nuestros hallazgos revelan que: (1) la dureza ambiental en los BST de Colombia está definida por combinaciones distintivas de factores climáticos, edáficos y de transformación de la cobertura del suelo, con una compensación entre las limitaciones hídricas y las restricciones de nutrientes del suelo; (2) las comunidades de árboles exhiben una compensación entre seguridad y eficiencia hidráulica, con la diversidad funcional (FRich) variando de forma independiente entre bosques; y (3) las variables climáticas, del suelo y de transformación de la cobertura del suelo filtran conjuntamente la composición de rasgos (CWM) y la FRich, reforzando el papel de la dureza ambiental en la estructuración de las comunidades de BST. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia del enfoque basado en rasgos funcionales para dilucidar los procesos ecológicos e informar estrategias de conservación en los BST bajo condiciones ambientales cambiantes.
dc.description.abstractDrought, soil nutrient limitations, and land-cover transformation are key environmental harshness factors shaping the diversity and ecological processes of tropical ecosystems. However, their influence on the composition and functional diversity of tropical dry forests (TDF) remains poorly understood. This study assesses how increasing environmental harshness affects the community-weighted mean trait (CWM) – representing functional composition – and functional richness (FRich) – representing functional diversity – in Colombian TDF. We analyzed data from 98 permanent plots (0.1 ha each) distributed across a wide range of climatic, soil, and land-cover transformation conditions, including functional leaf and wood traits from 338 tree species (22,568 trees). Our findings reveal that: (1) environmental harshness in Colombian TDF is defined by distinct combinations of climatic, soil, and land-cover transformation factors, with a trade-off between water limitations and soil nutrient constraints; (2) tree communities exhibit a hydraulic safety–efficiency trade-off, with functional diversity (FRich) varying independently across forests; and (3) climate, soil, and land-cover transformation variables collectively filter trait composition (CWM) and FRich, reinforcing the role of environmental harshness in structuring TDF communities. These results underscore the importance of functional trait approaches for elucidating ecological processes and informing conservation strategies in TDF under changing environmental conditions.
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dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/95478
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dc.rights.accesoAbierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccess
dc.subjectBosque seco tropical
dc.subjectDureza ambiental
dc.subjectDiversidad funcional
dc.subjectEcologia funcional
dc.subject.keywordTropical dry forest
dc.subject.keywordEnvironmental harshness
dc.subject.keywordFunctional diversity
dc.subject.keywordFunctional ecology
dc.subject.lembMaestría en Manejo, Uso y Conservación del Bosque -- Tesis y disertaciones académicas
dc.subject.lembBosques secos -- Investigaciones -- Colombia
dc.subject.lembPropiedades del suelo -- Colombia
dc.subject.lembFactores edáficos
dc.subject.lembDiversidad biológica -- Colombia
dc.titleEvaluación de la variación en la composición y diversidad funcional del bosque seco en Colombia a lo largo de un gradiente de dureza ambiental
dc.title.titleenglishEvaluation of the variation in composition and functional diversity of colombian dry forest along an environmental hardness gradient
dc.typemasterThesis
dc.type.degreeInvestigación-Innovación

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